Japan Deploys Missile with Capability of Striking Enemy’s Base
Ministry of Defense (MOD) released a plan to deploy long-range stand-off missiles, which can strike enemy’s base from Japan. Those missiles will be installed in some bases in Japan from FY2025. While controversy over constitution which prohibits use or threatening with arms has not settled, the government of Japan decided to introduce highly offensive equipment to Japan Self-defense Force (JSDF), causing concern of residents around JSDF bases.
Possession of capability of striking enemy’s base was introduced in the revision of three major security documents in December, 2022. The capability is interpreted as preemptive attack on military facilities on foreign lands, when Japan finds a country preparing for missile attack on Japan. Since a preemptive attack is regarded as violation of the Constitution of Japan, there has been a discussion that deployment of long-range stand-off missiles is unconstitutional, breaching traditional restraint of strictly defensive policy.
The MOD plans to deploy Type 12 surface-to-ship missile, which extended its range from 100 kilometers to 1,000 kilometers, covering all the territory of North Korea and northeast region of China. The JSDF made first experiment of Type 12 in 2024. It also planning to deploy hyper velocity gliding projectile (HVGP) to protect isolated islands around Japan.
Type 12 missiles will be deployed in Kengun Base in Kumamoto in FY2025 and FY2026, and Fuji Base in Shizuoka in FY2027. Sea-launched improved Type 12 missiles will be provided to JDS Teruzuki and air-launched improved Type 12 missiles will be loaded on F-2 fighter jet in Hyakuri Base in Ibaraki. They are deployed there one year earlier, in FY2027, than the previous plan.
The MOD is deploying HVGP in Fuji Base in FY2025 and in Kamifurano Base, Hokkaido, and Ebino Base, Miyazaki, in FY2026. Considering growing concern on China’s advance and North Korea’s intimidation of missile capability, and receiving pressure for improvement of defense capability from the United States, Japan made a decision of accelerating capability of striking enemy’s base, leaving constitutional discussion behind.
The MOD is interested in improvement of stand-off missile capability, especially long-range missiles, recent years. The ministry plans to appropriate 5 trillion yen for stand-off missile capability for five years between FY2023 and FY2027. It requested 1 trillion yen for FY2026. The MOD also focuses on reinforcing defense capability in space to develop satellite for guiding those missiles.
It is likely that deployment of long-range missiles will impose concern to some countries. If they regard Japan’s capability as highly offensive, the JSDF bases with those missiles can be the targets of missile attack. People around Fuji Base or Kengun Base are worried about possibility of being attacked by foreign missiles. How to explain them is one of the most difficult task for MOD.
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